Stylos is the blog of Jeff Riddle, a Reformed Baptist Pastor in North Garden, Virginia. The title "Stylos" is the Greek word for pillar. In 1 Timothy 3:15 Paul urges his readers to consider "how thou oughtest to behave thyself in the house of God, which is the church of the living God, the pillar (stylos) and ground of the truth." Image (left side): Decorative urn with title for the book of Acts in Codex Alexandrinus.
Sunday, September 13, 2026
Friday, September 11, 2026
The Vision (9.11.26): Great Storm, Great Calm, Great Awe
Image: Summer evening, North Garden, Virginia.
Note: Devotion taken from last Sunday's sermon on Mark 4:36-41:
The record of Christ stilling the storm in Mark 4:36-41 has been a comfort
to many believers over the years, as they have
encountered their own storms. It might
be the storm of losing a job, of failing in a business, of having conflict with
a parent, spouse, or child, of losing a loved one, of serious illness, of
facing deep spiritual discouragement, depression, or despair.
The adjective “great (Greek: mega)” is repeated three times in
this passage. There was a “great [mega] storm of wind” (v. 37), a “great
[mega] calm” (v. 39), and a “great [mega] fear or awe” (v. 41,
where the AV reads, “they feared exceedingly”) in the aftermath.
From this account we gain the application that we are to rely upon Christ
in all the circumstances of life and never doubt his tender concern for us.
We should first
consider the comfort of the fact that the Lord Jesus was awakened by the cries
of his disciples in their distress.
Matthew Henry observed, “When Christ seems as if he slept in a storm, he is awakened by the prayers of his people; when we know not what to do; our eye must be to him (2 Chron 20:12); we may be at our wit’s end, but not our faith’s end, while we have a Savior to go to.”
Sadly, even our
prayers to Christ in distress can take on that complaining tone of the
disciples, “Master, carest thou not that we perish?” (v. 38).
Christ himself
taught his disciples in the Sermon on the Mount not to be overcome by worry
(Matthew 6: 25-34).
Someone said,
“Worry is an old man, with bended head, carrying a load of feathers which he
thinks are lead.”
Another wrote,
Fear knocked at the door.
Faith answered.
No one was there.
Peter exhorted that
we are to be “Casting all our care upon him; for he careth for you” (1 Peter
5:7).
Christ told his
disciples that every hair upon their head were all numbered by the sovereign
Father (Matthew 10:30).
Some years back I read a devotional book titled Jesus is Victor by Corrie Ten Boom, the Dutch believer whose family was sent to a concentration during WW2, where her aged father and beloved sister would both die.
She writes of her initial imprisonment which included four months of solitary confinement in a dark dank cell:
Once I stood with my back against the wall with my hands spread out, as if to try to push away the walls that were closing in on me. I was dead scared. I cried out, “Lord, I’m not strong enough to endure this. I don’t have the faith!”
Suddenly I noticed an ant roaming the floor of the cell for days. I had just mopped the floor with a wet rag, and the moment the ant felt the water on the stones, he ran straight to his tiny hole in the wall.
Then it was that the Lord said to me, “What about that ant? He didn’t stop to look at the wet rag or his weak feet—he went straight to his hiding place. Corrie, don’t look at your faith; it is weak, like the tiny feet of that ant. Don’t dwell on the treatment you might receive from these cruel people. I am your hiding place, and you can come running to Me just like that ant disappeared into that hole in the wall (pp. 79-80).
Let us remember that though the Lord may permit great storms, he also provides great calm, that issue in great awe.
Grace and peace, Pastor Jeff Riddle
Thursday, September 10, 2026
J. A. Alexander on the increase yield of the good ground seed in Mark 4:8, 20
Interesting comments by J. A. Alexander in his 1864 Mark Commentary on the increase yield of the seed that falls on the good ground as “some thirty, some sixty, and some an hundred” (Mark 4:8, 20).
Interestingly enough, in his comments on Mark 4:8 Alexander suggests that gains at this proportion are “moderate and modest” if not low: “The productiveness ascribed to the nutritious gains in this place is by no means unexampled either in ancient or modern times. It is indeed a moderate and modest estimate compared with some recorded by Herodotus, in which the rate of increase was double or quadruple even the highest of the three here mentioned, and the recent harvest in our western states affords examples of increase greater still.” Later in his comments on Mark 4:20 Alexander’s focus is not on the measure of the yield, but the “proportional diversity” of the rate. The notes in the MacArthur Study Bible on Mark 4:8, however, offer a different evaluation: “An average ration of harvested grain to what had been sown was 8 to 1, with a 10 to 1 ratio considered exceptional. The yield Jesus refers to are like an unbelievable harvest.” When Grok is asked if a 100 to 1 ratio is good for wheat, it says: “Yes. 1:100 is high for wheat. The standard seed-multiplication ratio used by seed-certification agencies for wheat is 1:20. That is the figure expected in ordinary commercial production. You can get ratios closer to 1:80–1:100 (occasionally even higher) only in special seed-increase plots that are planted at a much lower seeding rate than a farmer would use for grain. Those plots sacrifice yield per hectare in order to stretch a small quantity of expensive nucleus or foundation seed as far as possible. In a normal wheat field grown for grain, 1:100 would be an unusually high return.” In context with the parable of the mustard seed in Mark 4:31-32, in which the mustard seed “less than all the seeds” produces a plant “greater than all herbs,” it would seem best to think the yield of the seed on the good ground would be high rather than moderate of modest. So, was Alexander just wrong here? Can his view be justified? What was he thinking? If the harvest was "moderate and modest," what is the spiritual point about the good ground yield?Friday, September 04, 2026
The Vision (9.4.26): The Secretly Growing Seed
Note: Devotion taken from last Sunday's sermon on Mark 4:26-34.
“And he said, so is the kingdom of God, as if a man
should cast seed into the ground… and the seed should spring and grow up, he knoweth
not how” (Mark 4:27-28).
“It is like a grain of mustard seed, which… is less
than all the seeds that be in the earth: but when it is sown, it groweth up...
and shooteth out great branches…” (Mark 4:31-32).
What do we learn from our Lord’s parables of the secretly growing
seed (Mark 4:26-29) and the mustard seed (Mark 4:30-32)?
First, we need to apply this teaching to our understanding of
Christ’s kingdom. It is here, but not yet.
The Lord is sovereign over his own work. His kingdom is here, and
it is secretly growing, just like that seed in the parable. It is his work. He
will bring the fruit when he is pleased to do so and according to his
timetable. Rest assured, however, a harvest time is coming.
Sometimes the present kingdom can look to us like such a small and
weak thing. No bigger than a mustard seed. But it has a great God behind it.
And when he is pleased it will become a mighty branch and a resting place for men
from many nations.
As the prophet Zechariah asked, “For
who hath despised the day of small things?” (Zech. 4:10).
That is the view from the macro-scale, but we can
also apply this, secondly, to the micro-scale.
You may look at the seed sown in you and see little
growth and no fruit, and you may despair.
You may look at the small seed sown in the lives
of loved ones, children, friends, and neighbors, and ask, Where’s the fruit?
We are reminded today to put our trust in the
Lord. The kingdom is like a secretly growing seed. It is small as a mustard
seed. But it is a great God’s work, and he who began this good work will be
faithful to complete it. Consider the words of James:
James 5: 7 Be patient therefore, brethren, unto the coming of the Lord.
Behold, the husbandman waiteth for the precious fruit of the earth, and hath
long patience for it, until he receive the early and latter rain.
8 Be ye also patient; stablish your hearts: for the coming of the
Lord draweth nigh.
All the aches and pains and disappointments will
indeed be ended at the time when Christ comes again with power and great glory.
It will be the time of the final harvest, the final resurrection. So, let us
take heart, fellow pilgrims. Let us be steadfast, unmoving, always abounding in
the work of the Lord.
He is lisping this to us in ways we can understand and untangling
it for us in ways we can grasp, as he did to the first disciples in parables
(Mark 4:33-34).
The kingdom has come in Christ’s incarnational ministry. It is
here right now. And it will be here one day in ways greater than we ever could
have asked or imagined.
Grace and peace, Pastor Jeff Riddle
Thursday, September 03, 2026
René Pache (1904-1979) on "Escaping the Trap of Subjectivism"
"For all practical purposes, everyone who makes a distinction between Scripture and the Word of God accepts biblical criticism, often in its most radical form. With this, every word of the text can be, and is indeed, subjected to question. All the knowledge which modern theologians have... and that which they call 'the Word of God'--all of this comes from the very words of the Bible. But if those words are not sure or are not worthy of confidence, must one then keep searching his own mind for certainty? How can anything definite be made out of this nebulous communication, seeing it is not the words themselves which speak to us? Moreover, the Word perceived will be variable from one person to another, even from one great theologian to another...."
Tuesday, September 01, 2026
Friday, August 28, 2026
The Vision (8.28.26): Is a candle brought to be put under a bushel?
Note: Devotional taken from last Sunday's sermon on Mark 4:21-25.
And he said unto them, Is a candle brought to be put under a bushel, or under a bed? and not to be set on a candlestick? (Mark 4:21)
In his explanation of the parable of the sower, Christ told his disciples that the “good ground” was those who heard the word, received it, and brought forth fruit (Mark 4:20).
He followed this up with figurative teaching about a lamp or light that should not be hidden.
The simplest and most sparsely furnished first century home would have had these basic items, an earthen lamp, a basket, and a mat that rolled out into a bed. The Lord Jesus is saying that when it is night a man does not take the candle or lamp and hide it under a bushel basket or under his bedding, but he puts it on a candlestick or lampstand. And the higher you put it the more it illumines the room.
The Lord Jesus is here speaking about the responsibility of believers (good ground hearers) to be a source of light and truth in the world. They have been given insight that others do not have. They are glowing with the knowledge of the gospel and of Christ. This is not be hidden or obfuscated.
In the Sermon on the Mount, Christ
made a similar point:
Matthew 5: 14 Ye are the light of the world. A city that is set on an hill
cannot be hid.
15 Neither do men light a candle, and put it under a bushel, but on a
candlestick; and it giveth light unto all that are in the house.
16 Let your light so shine before men, that they may see your good
works, and glorify your Father which is in heaven.
We sometimes sing the children’s song based on this parable: “This little light of mine, I’m gonna to let it shine….”
In John’s Gospel there is an account of a man named Nicodemus, a Pharisee and a “ruler of the Jews” who came to Christ “by night” (3:1-2). Later there is mention of another man named Joseph of Arimathea whom John describes as “being a disciple of Jesus, but secretly for fear of the Jews” (John 19:38).
John records that when Christ was crucified and died on the cross, it was indeed Joseph who went to Pilate and asked for the Lord’s body for burial (John 19:40-42). John also notes that Nicodemus was there helping him (v.39).
Witnessing the cross work of Christ made these men finally cast caution to the wind and let their light shine, as they made it publicly known, whatever the consequences, that they were his disciples.
In John Calvin’s day there was a group of Frenchmen who had privately embraced the gospel but publicly and outwardly had remained in the Roman Church. Calvin wrote several tracts calling these men “Nicodemites” and urging them to declare outwardly what they had confessed inwardly.
Are we “good ground” hearers of the Word? Have we heard and received that Word, and are we bearing kingdom fruit?
If so we must not hide the light but set it as high as we can that others might see and be drawn to Christ.
Grace and peace, Pastor Jeff
Riddle
Friday, August 21, 2026
The Vision (8.21.26): The Apocrypha is Not Inspired Scripture
In our Midweek Meeting on Wednesday we continued our study of the Belgic
Confession looking at Article 6 on “The Difference Between the Canonical and
Apocryphal Books.” We noted that the Roman Church, as well as the Eastern Orthodox
Church, accept several books in their Old Testament that are rejected by Bible-believing
Protestants.
We gave a brief survey of these books, which include 1-2 Esdras,
Tobit, Judith, the so-called Wisdom of Solomon, Jesus (Joshua) ben Sirach (or Ecclesiasticus),
Baruch, the additions to Esther, the additions to Daniel (Song of the Three
Hebrews, Susannah, Bel and the Dragon), 1-2 Maccabees.
I offered five
reasons we reject these books, and classify them as non-canonical:
1. They were not accepted by ancient Jews
(Rom 3:2);
2. They were not originally written in
Hebrew, the language of the OT, but Greek, showing they were written late.
3. They have errors (e.g., Judith 1:1 which
says Nebuchadnezzar ruled in Ninevah and not Babylon).
4. These books were never explicitly cited
as Scripture in the NT by the Lord Jesus and the Apostles and their associates.
5. They were used by the Roman Church to
support unbiblical doctrines and practices, like prayers for the dead (2 Macc
12:44); expiatory sacrifices (as in the mass) (2 Macc 12:39-46); expiatory alms
(precursor to indulgences) (Tobit 12:9; 4:10); the invocation and intercession
of saints (2 Macc. 15:14); Bar 3:4); the worship of angels (Tobit 12:12);
purgatory and salvation after death (2 Macc 12:42).
We were reminded that the Reformation is
not over. We have many differences with Roman Catholics and Eastern Orthodox,
even the books of the Bible.
I closed Wednesday by reading this
statement from a French-Swiss evangelical theologian named René Pache (1904-1979). He wrote:
“Except
for certain interesting historical information (especially in 1 Maccabees) and
a few beautiful moral thoughts (e.g., Wisdom of Solomon), these books contain
absurd legends and platitudes, and historical, geographical, and chronological
errors, as well as manifestly heretical doctrines; they even recommend immoral
acts (Judith 9:10, 13)” (The Inspiration and Authority of Scripture, Trans.
Helen I. Needham [Moody Press, 1969], 172).
Let us
continue to hold fast to and in defense of God’s holy, inspired, preserved, and
true Word.
Grace and
peace, Pastor Jeff Riddle
Thursday, August 20, 2026
René Pache (1904-1979) on the Apocrypha:
"Except for certain interesting historical information (especially in 1 Maccabees) and a few beautiful moral thoughts (e.g., Wisdom of Solomon), these books contain absurd legends and platitudes, and historical, geographical, and chronological errors, as well as manifestly heretical doctrines; they even recommend immoral acts (Judith 9:10, 13)."
-The Inspiration and Authority of Scripture, Trans. Helen I. Needham (Moody Press, 1969), 172.Wednesday, August 19, 2026
Hardbound Printing of Daniel 3 from World Publishing (Christmas, 1954)
Picked this up in a used bookshop in Charlottesville recently. Attractive red hardbound copy of Daniel 3 in the KJV with a decorated gold colored slipcase.
Tuesday, August 18, 2026
The Vision (8.14.26): Calvin on The Self-Authenticating Nature of Scripture
“My
sheep hear my voice, and I know them, and they follow me” (John 10:27).
In our midweek
study through the Belgic Confession, we were looking last Wednesday at this confession’s stress on what is
called the self-authenticating (autopistic)
nature of the Bible. Why do we believe the Bible’s authority? The Belgic Confession
says, the Holy Spirit witnesses to our hearts that the Scriptures are from God,
“whereof they carry the evidence in themselves.”
Here is what John
Calvin (1509-1564), the great Reformer in Geneva, Switzerland, had to say
about Scripture’s testimony to itself:
Let this point therefore stand: that those whom the Holy Spirit has inwardly taught truly rest upon Scripture, and that Scripture indeed is self-authenticated [autopiston]; hence it is not right to subject it to proof and reasoning. And the certainty it deserves with us, it attains by the testimony of the Spirit. For even if it wins reverence for itself by its own majesty, it seriously affects us only when it is sealed upon our hearts through the Spirit. Therefore, illumined by his power, we believe neither by our own nor by anyone else’s judgment that Scripture is from God; but above all human judgment we affirm with utter certainty (just as if we were gazing upon the very majesty of God himself) that it has flowed to us from the very mouth of God by the ministry of men. We seek no proofs, no marks of genuineness upon which our judgment may lean; but we subject our judgment and wit to it as to a thing far beyond any guesswork! This we do, not as persons accustomed to seize upon some unknown thing, which, under closer scrutiny, displeases them, but fully conscious that we hold the unassailable truth! Nor do we do this as those miserable men who habitually bind over their minds to the thralldom of superstition; but we feel that the undoubted power of his divine majesty lives and breathes there. By this power we are drawn and inflamed, knowingly and willingly, to obey him, yet also more vitally and more effectively than by mere human willing or knowing! (Institutes of the Christian Religion, 1.7.5).
May the Spirit continue to affirm the self-authenticating nature
of the Holy Scriptures to his people.
Grace and peace, Pastor Jeff Riddle
Friday, August 07, 2026
The Vision (8.7.26): Water out of the Rock
Devotion based on Sunday afternoon sermon on Exodus 17 on July 26, 2026.
Exodus 17:3 And the people thirsted there for water; and the
people murmured against Moses, and said, Wherefore is this that thou hast
brought us up out of Egypt, to kill us and our children and our cattle with
thirst?
Exodus
17:6 Behold, I will stand before thee there upon the rock in Horeb; and thou
shalt smite the rock, and there shall come water out of it, that the people may
drink. And Moses did so in the sight of the elders of Israel.
In Exodus 17, the LORD
answers the chiding, the striving, and the murmuring of his people, not with
the immediate wrath and judgement it rightly deserved but with water from the
rock.
In commenting on this
passage, Edmund Clowney noted how God said to Moses in v. 6: “Behold, I will
stand before thee there upon the rock in Horeb.” Clowney added: “God will stand
before a man. God will stand in the prisoner’s dock. He will stand before the
upraised rod of Moses, as though he were a guilty prisoner….” He continued:
“Still more—incredibly, God says to Moses, ‘Thou shalt smite the rock!’ The
rock on which God stands is the symbol of God himself. God’s name is the rock
(Deut 32:4, 31). Moses raises his rod and strikes the Rock” (in E. Radmacher,
Ed., Can We Trust the Bible?, 48). Clowney, of course, sees in this account
a foreshadowing of the cross of Christ!
From the one stricken
comes a river of life. Indeed, we cannot read of water being given to a thirsty
people without thinking of Christ’s description of himself as “living water”
when he spoke to the Samaritan woman at the well (John 4:10). He also declared on
that occasion:
But whosoever drinketh of the water that I shall
give him shall never thirst; but the water that I shall give him shall be in
him a well of water springing up into everlasting life (John 4:14).
The
apostle Paul makes a similar point to Clowney in 1 Corinthians 10:4 when he
says of the Israelites of that time that they “did all drink the same spiritual
drink: for they drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them: and that Rock
was Christ.”
In Christ
God answered our chiding and striving and murmuring with living water. His
banner over us is love (Song of Solomon 2:4).
Grace
and peace, Pastor Jeff Riddle
The Belgic Confession, Pauline Authorship of Hebrews, and Confessional Subscription
Was Hebrews written by Paul? Should such a claim be raised to confessional status?
Thursday, August 06, 2026
WM 390: A New Scholarly Defense of the Woman Caught in Adultery (John 7:53--8:11)
Tuesday, August 04, 2026
2026 Youth Conference Audio: Samuel Frain on "Answering the Problem of Evil."
CRBC hosted our annual Youth Conference Friday-Saturday, 23-24, 2026 at the Machen Conference Center in beautiful Highland County, Virginia.
Conference speaker Sam Frain, Pastoral Assistant at Emmanuel RBC, Verona addressed the topic: "Answering the Problem of Evil" in four messages, followed by a Q & A session. Here are audio links:
Session 1: What do we mean by the Problem of Evil?
Session 2: The Problem of Evil & the Fall of Man.
Session 3: The Problem of Evil & the Cross of Christ.
Session 4: The Problem of Evil & the Second Coming of Christ.
The Vision (7.31.26): The Ordination of the Twelve
Note: Devotional based on Sunday morning sermon on July 26, 2026.
Mark 3:14 And
he ordained twelve, that they should be with him, and that he might send them
forth to preach, 15 And
to have power to heal sicknesses, and to cast out devils:
We see in the early chapters of Mark that many men flocked to
Christ as he began his ministry. They would later abandon him when he went to
the cross.
Among his many followers he called some to be his disciples.
These included Simon and Andrew, James and John, and Levi (Mark 1:16-20; 2:14).
Mark 3:14-19 describes how he set apart or ordained Twelve of these men who would serve as Apostles.
It begins in v. 14 with the simple statement: “And he ordained twelve.”
Mark then notes two reasons for their appointment:
First,
that they might be with him (v. 14a). The Lord Jesus is Immanuel, “God with us.”
Notice that Mark does not say that he appointed twelve that they might
go to rabbinic school or seminary. Their
education or training for their task would come from spending time with the Master. The primary task of the apostles will be the
accurate preaching and writing about the life, ministry, death, and
resurrection of the Lord Jesus. To do
this, they had to be with him, and he would remain with them to the very end of
the age (cf. Matthew 28:19-20).
Second, that they might be sent out to minister in his name (vv. 14-15).
This involves preaching (v. 14b) and healing (including casting out evil
spirits) (v. 15). Notice in the final chapter of Mark how the risen Christ
commissions these same men (sans Judas Iscariot) to preach the gospel to every
creature (16:15) and to perform the extra-ordinary apostolic signs including
healing and casting out devils (16:17-18, 20). Note: This is another proof for
the authenticity and originality of Mark’s Ending!
This was a special calling for the apostles, but callings will extend to
ordinary ministers after them.
Hudson Taylor (1832-1905), pioneer
missionary to China, wrote to his colleagues after the death of his beloved
wife after childbirth:
I trust we are all satisfied that we are God’s servants, sent by Him, to the various posts we occupy, and that we are doing His work in them. He set before us open doors we have entered, and in past times of excitement He has preserved us. We did not come to China because missionary work here was either safe or easy, but because He had called us. We did not enter upon our present positions under guarantee of human protection, but relying on the promises of his presence. The accidents of ease or difficulty, of apparent safety or danger, of man’s approval or disapproval, in no wise affect our duty.
Let us follow and serve him where he has called us.
Grace and peace, Pastor Jeff Riddle
Tuesday, July 28, 2026
Friday, July 24, 2026
The Vision (7.24.26): Do Christian today still keep the sabbath?
Note: Devotion taken from last Sunday's sermon on Mark 2:23--3:6.
Is the moral law of God, as epitomized in the Ten Commandments,
still binding on the consciences of believers today?
We would probably not have an argument over 9 of the 10
commandments. The controversial one would be the fourth commandment: Remember
the sabbath day to keep it holy (Exodus 20:8).
Many evangelicals today would say this law is now abrogated,
like the dietary rules or the keeping of the Passover.
One popular Study Bible (MacArthur’s) has a note at Exodus
20:8 which says of the fourth commandment, “Belonging especially to Israel
under the Mosaic economy, the Sabbath could not apply to the believer of the
church age for he is living in a new economy” (p. 125).
Reformed (Biblical) theology, however, rejects the rejection
of the Sabbath.
We maintain that God’s moral law has not fundamentally changed.
The fourth commandment is a creation ordinance. It was established when God
made the world in the space of six day and all very good and then rested on the
seventh day (Exodus 20:11), and it remains.
The only shift that has occurred in this commandment since
the coming of Christ is that the sabbath is no longer a seventh day sabbath,
but it is now a first day sabbath, the day when Christ was gloriously raised
from the dead (John 20:1, 19; Acts 20:6-7; 1 Corinthians 16:1-2). So, from
creation to the resurrection, the sabbath was the seventh day, and from the
resurrection of Christ till the second coming, it is the first day of the week.
As Paul wrote in Hebrews 4:9: “There remaineth therefore a rest [sabbatismos] to the people of
God.”
We
believe that when we look at the Scriptures, and especially at the Gospels, we
find that Christ nowhere rejected the sabbath, although he did reject those who
were adding unbiblical laws about the sabbath (like forbidding works of
necessity, Mark 2:23-28, and mercy, Mark 3:1-6).
Christ
affirmed Biblical sabbath keeping and rejected unbiblical sabbath keeping.
On
this special day we set aside what is lawful to do on other days and give
ourselves to the public and private exercises of God’s worship.
Let
us follow Christ’s teaching and example and call the sabbath a delight (Isaiah 58:13).
Let us not think that we have to keep the sabbath, but that we get to
keep the sabbath.
Grace
and peace, Pastor Jeff Riddle













